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2014

北京

平房住宅

Located in a courtyard (siheyuan) of hutong in Beijing, this is a rental housing renovation plan designed for a couple and two cats. Known as zayuan, the previous courtyard was subdivided in order to accommodate several different families. Modifications and extensions to the original buildings gradually occupied the once public space, leaving only a passage now. Entering from the northwest corner of the zayuan, one finds the project at the southeast corner after passing through that narrow passage (Figure 1).

In an only 19m2 space, the architect has dealt with the common problems of zayuan, such as ensuring ventilation and lighting, reducing the uneasiness the cramped environment engendered.

The architect kept the original roof and removed the rest. The north and south walls were opened respectively to ensure ventilation and lighting. Half of a box-shape space and a layer of floor were embedded to extend the living space.

As the plan shows, the 2nd floor performs the private functions, which uses the raised height to guarantee privacy; the 1st floor performs the rather public functions, maximizing the openness of the exterior wall. An unobstructed space was created from the courtyard passage, running through the first floor of the interior space and extending to the southern yard. By coexisting visually, the aisle in the first floor and the passage of the zayuan successfully avoid the binary conception of indoor vs. outdoor, effectively reduced the uneasiness that zayuan usually causes.

夫婦二人、猫二匹のための賃貸住宅改造計画。敷地は北京の胡同地区にある四合院の一部。この四合院は、本来あった庭に通路だけを残して最大限に増築された雑院と呼ばれる形式で、計画物件は雑院の北西から入って狭い通路(Fig.1)を通り一番奥の雑院南東に位置する。

当プロジェクトでは、19㎡という狭小面積に住むための機能を満たしつつ、雑院で一般的に問題となる通風、採光の確保と雑院特有の閉塞感の払拭が課題となった。

そこで、既存の屋根以外を全て取り除き、南北に抜けを作って通風と採光を取り入れつつ、1つの半層のボックスと1つの床を挿入して機能要求を満たす構成を考えた。

1階はパブリックな機能を配し、外壁部を出来るだけ開放的に作って、雑院の通路が一階室内を介して南側の中庭まで連続して伸びるような空間を作った。2階はプライベートな機能を配し、高さを利用してプライバシーを確保した。この一階の通路空間と雑院の通路空間は相互に視覚的に共有され、室内と外部通路で感じる雑院特有の閉塞感を軽減させると共に、近隣との交流の接点になるように目指した。

这是一个为夫妇二人和两只猫设计的租赁住宅改造计划,地处北京胡同地区的某四合院内。曾经的庭院如今仅保留一条过道,其余空间均被加盖建筑占满,成为杂院。项目位于杂院的东南角,从杂院的西北角进院,穿过狭窄过道(图1)后走到头即是。

在19㎡的狭小面积中,建筑师在满足各项居住机能的同时,针对确保通风与采光、消除杂院特有的闭塞感等常见问题,进行了相应处理。

除原有屋顶外其余全部清除;南北墙分别打通,保证通风与采光;为确保面积,整体加嵌一个半层盒体及一块地面。

从平面看,2层承担私人性机能,利用挑高来确保私密;1层承担公共性机能,对外墙做最大化开放性处理,形成了从杂院过道进入,穿过一层室内,进而延伸至南侧庭院的通畅空间。一层的过道空间和杂院的过道空间,二者在视觉上相互共享,有效弱化了室内过道—室外过道的二分区别,减轻了杂院特有的闭塞感,而变成与邻居们交流的节点。

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